Postmodernism is identified with modernity and they try to part with it, bless it and curse it. But without postmodernity as a state of culture, it is impossible to imagine a single phenomenon of modernity. Alexander Viktorovich Markov proposes to consider postmodern as a school of critical thinking and at the same time as a necessary stage in the interaction between university scholarship and mass culture. In the course of lectures, postmodernism is not reduced to either ideologies or literary style, but is studied as an era with its own discoveries and possibilities. The lectures explain complex terms in detail and clearly, give examples of the use of modern scientific methods. A simple and articulate presentation allows these lectures to be read by anyone who wants to understand how the modern world works and how world culture will develop further.