Maria Монтессори is the progressive Italian teacher working out the innovative system of education of children up to teens. In the book she proves a right for a child on the active activity sent to cognition of the surrounding world and development of internal resources due to research and creative efforts. In a book also there is description of pedagogical receptions during work with a class, problems are affected disciplines, features of individual employments, questions of the personal hygiene, keeping order, manners of behavior and ability to conduct conversation. Also talked about importance of gymnastics and exercises on development of certain muscles, about bringing in of gardening and truck farming as methods of development of feeling for little children and about other great deal.