The book "Poetics" by Aristotle is an outstanding work of antiquity, which is considered one of the most important theoretical texts about literature. In this work, the ancient Greek philosopher examines the essence of poetry, drama and poetic art in general. Aristotle analyzes the genres of drama, reveals the basic principles of constructing tragedy and comedy, and also deeply analyzed the concept of catharsis, which became one of the key concepts for understanding dramatic art. The book "Poetics" helps the reader to better understand the aesthetic principles underlying creativity and opens up new perspectives for the analysis and understanding of literary works.