For the first time, the reader is offered a complete translation from Old Dutch of the diaries of Herrit de Weyr, a participant in the Arctic voyages of Willem Barents of 1594-1597, and the tragic wintering of the first Western Europeans on the polar archipelago of Novaya Zemlya. The exciting and extraordinary adventures of the sailors of the sailing ship, their discoveries and first meetings with walruses and polar bears, attempts to reach China across the Arctic Ocean are described day after day in De Weir's diaries. We are interested in descriptions of meetings with Russian Pomors, and with representatives of the indigenous peoples of the North, and traces of the presence of Russian industrialists on Novaya Zemlya discovered by Dutch navigators. The diaries also contain the first descriptions of ancient Nenets sanctuaries on Vaygach Island. The appendix to the book contains the work of modern Dutch and domestic specialists on the study of the ruins of the winter quarters of the 1596-1597 Dutch expedition of Barents, the search for his burial on the archipelago, the reconstruction of actual events and the search for memorable places where they took place.