The First Vatican Mythograph was compiled at the turn of the 1st-2nd millennium by an unknown medieval compiler and contains 233 stories of various sizes, drawn mainly from the works of Roman authors of the 2nd-5th centuries. (Servia, Lactantia, Fulgentia, Hygina, etc.), as well as two medieval theologians (Isidore of Seville and Remy of Lake), who used the same sources. Thus, the Vatican Mythographer presents a very interesting cross-section of the different views on ancient myths that dominated the last centuries of the Roman Empire. This work has never been translated into Russian. Together with the collections of Hygin’s myths already published in Aletheia and the one-volume “Ancient Mythographers” prepared by M.L. Gasparov and V.N. Yarkho, the translation of the Vatican Mythographer will practically complete the publication of the sources on ancient mythography that have reached us. widest range of readers.