The world is undergoing a change in political and financial structure. In this regard, issues of Russian finance have both internal and external dimensions. The situation is aggravated by the peculiarity of the current period of time - the hybrid war of the United States and NATO against Russia, their economic sanctions, blocking of Russian assets and payments in a number of currencies. The book examines both subjective and objective miscalculations in the finances of the Russian Federation, as well as urgent ways to develop the Russian financial system within the framework of the global economy.