This book addressed to the widest circle of readers is sanctified to civilization, being considered the cradle of human culture and writing tradition. In an enthralling form she tells about historical events once taking place on this earth, about birth and falling of ancient reigns, about archaeological excavations, about science, art and religion of Mesopotamia from ancient Ur to Babylon and Assyria.An author of book is a doctor of historical sciences, professor В.И. Гуляев is the known Russian archaeologist, during many years participating in excavations of the Mesopotamia monuments of antiquity.